PANDIT JAWAHARLAL NEHRU
Mike Ghouse November 4, 2007
Chacha tumhien mera Salaam!
May God bless your soul, may your soul rest in peace.
Pandit Nehru is one of my heroes.
The more I read about him and his vision,
his sacrifices for India, the more I admire.
I was an enthusiastic boy leading several schools in the procession on this day...
Today is his birthday Celebrations through out India and by Every Indian across the globe.
Poet Kaifi Azmi (Shabana Azmi's father) has captured his essence in this eternal song
Meri Aawaz suno, pyaar ka raaz suno in the movie Nuanihaal.
http ://www.musicindiaonline.com/p/x/W5xmSXZiyt.As1NMvHdW/ There is a misra (lyric) in it that says...
kyoon sanwari hai a chandan ki chita mere liye
my koi jism nahin hoon ke jalao mujhe...
raakh ke saath bikhar jaaonga...
Merei duniyan may purabh hai no koi pacchim koi
saari duniya simat aayi meri en bahon may...
The song is really beautiful... it touches me.
I will be happy to share the breath and depth of this song with you, if you wish to.
Jai Hind
Mike Ghouse
www.MikeGhouse.net The significance of Children's Day
This is a day to think through Chacha Nehru's real message. That is providing our children with a safe and loving environment in which to grow as well as giving them ample and equal opportunities through which they can take great strides and contribute to the progress of the nation. This day serves as a reminder to each and every one of us, to renew our commitment to the welfare of children and teach them to live by their Chacha Nehru's standards and example.
Nehru at
Harrow when he was 15.
Jawaharlal Nehru was born in the city of
Allahabad, situated along the banks of the
Ganga River (now in the state of
Uttar Pradesh).Jawahar means a Gem in Arabic and is a name similar to Moti (pearl). He was the eldest child of Swarup Rani, the wife of wealthy barrister Motilal Nehru. The Nehru family descended from
Kashmiri heritage and belonged to the
Saraswat Brahmincaste of
Hindus. Training as a lawyer, Motilal had moved to Allahabad and developed a successful practise and had become active in India's largest political party, the Indian National Congress. Nehru and his sisters —
Vijaya Lakshmi and Krishna — lived in a large mansion called Anand Bhavan and raised with English customs, mannerisms and dress. While learning
Hindi and
Sanskrit, the Nehru children would be trained to converse fluently and regularly in
English.
Jawaharlal and Kamala at their wedding.
After being tutored at home and attending some of the most modern schools in India, Nehru would travel to England at the age of 15 to attend the
Harrow School. He would proceed to study natural sciences at the
Trinity College before choosing to train as a
barrister at the
Middle Temple in
London. An average student, Nehru was attracted to the arts, culture and society of
Western Europe and would pursue an active social life. Frequenting the theatres, museums and opera houses of London, he would spend his vacations travelling across Europe. Observers would later describe him as an elegant, charming young intellectual and socialite. Nehru would also participate actively in the political activities of the Indian student community, growing increasingly attracted to socialism and
liberalism, which were beginning to influence the politics and economies of Europe.
Upon his return to India, Nehru's marriage was arranged with
Kamala Kaul. Married on
February 8,
1916 Nehru age was 27 and his bride was 16 years old. The first few years of their marriage were hampered by the cultural gulf between the anglicized Nehru and Kamala, who observed Hindu traditions and focused on family affairs. The following year Kamala would give birth to their only child, their daughter
Indira Priyadarshini. Having made few attempts to establish himself in a legal practise, Nehru was immediately attracted to Indian political life, which at the time was emerging from divisions over
World War I. The moderate and extremist factions of the Congress had reunited in its 1916 session in
Lucknow, and Indian politicians had demanded
Home Rule and
dominion status for India. Joining the Congress under the patronage of his father, Nehru grew increasingly disillusioned with the liberal and anglicized nature of Congress politicians, which included his father. Although frequently hailed as a future leader of the Congress and India, Nehru's political rise did not begin until the arrival of Mahatma Gandhi on India's political scene.
Young leader
Nehru was very strongly attracted to Gandhi's philosophy and leadership. Gandhi had led a successful rebellion on behalf of indentured Indian workers while a lawyer in
South Africa. Upon his return to India, Gandhi organised the peasants and farmers of
Champaran and
Kheda in
successful rebellions against oppressive tax policies levied by the British. Gandhi espoused what he termed as
satyagraha — mass
civil disobedience governed by
ahimsa, or complete non-violence. A forceful exponent of Indian self-reliance, Gandhi's success electrified Indians, who had been divided in their approach to contesting British rule. Having met Gandhi and learning of his ideas, Nehru would assist him during the Champaran agitation.
The family of
Motilal Nehru, with Jawaharlal, his wife Kamala and daughter Indira.
Following Gandhi's example, Nehru and his family abandoned their Western-style clothes, possessions and wealthy lifestyle. Wearing clothes spun out of
khadi, Nehru would emerge as one of the most energetic supporters of Gandhi. Under Gandhi's influence, Nehru began studying the
Bhagavad Gita and would practice
yoga throughout his life. He would increasingly look to Gandhi for advice and guidance in his personal life, and would spend a lot of time travelling and living with Gandhi. Nehru travelled across India delivering political speeches aimed at recruiting India's masses, especially its youth into the agitation launched in 1919 against the
Rowlatt Acts and the
Khilafat struggle. He spoke passionately and forcefully to encourage
Hindu-
Muslim unity, spread education and self-reliance and the need to eradicate social evils such as
untouchability, poverty, ignorance and unemployment.
Young Nehru.
Emerging as a key orator and prominent organiser, Nehru became one of the most popular political leaders in northern India, especially with the people of the
United Provinces,
Bihar and the
Central Provinces. His youth and passion for social justice and equality attracted India's Muslims, women and other minorities. Nehru's role grew especially important following the arrest of senior leaders such as Gandhi and his father, and he would also be imprisoned along with his mother and sisters for many months. Alarmed by growing violence in the conduct of mass agitations, Gandhi suspended the struggle after the killling of 22 policemen by a nationalist mob at
Chauri Chaura on
February 4,
1922. This sudden move disillusioned many nationalists, including Nehru's father Motilal, who would join the newly formed
Swaraj Party in 1923. However, Nehru remained loyal to Gandhi and publicly supported him.
A lull in nationalist activities enabled Nehru to turn his attention to social causes and local government. In 1924, he was elected president of the
municipal corporation of
Allahabad, serving as the city's chief executive for two years. Nehru would launch ambitious schemes to promote education, sanitation, expand water and electricity supply and reduce unemployment — his ideas and experience would prove valuable to him when he assumed charge of India's government in 1947. Achieving some success, Nehru was dissatisfied and angered by the perceived obstruction of British officials and corruption amongst civil servants. He would resign from his position within two years.
In the early part of the decade, his marriage and family life had suffered owing to the constant activity on his part and that of his father. Although facing domestic pressures and tensions in the absence of her husband, Kamala would increasingly travel with Nehru, address public meetings and seek to sponsor and encourage nationalist activities in her hometown. In the late 1920s, the initial marital gulf between the two disappeared and the couple would grow closer to each other and their daughter. In 1926 Nehru took his wife and daughter to Europe so that Kamala could receive specialist medical care. The family travelled and lived in England,
Switzerland,
France and
Germany. Continuing his political work, Nehru would be deeply impressed by the rising currents of radical socialism in Europe, and would deliver fervent speeches in condemnation of
imperialism. On a visit to the
Soviet Union, Nehru was favourably impressed by the
command economy, but grew critical of
Stalin's
totalitarianism.
Rise to national leadership
Jawaharlal Nehru in the 1920s.
In the 1920s, Nehru was elected president of the
All India Trade Unions Congress. He and
Subhash Chandra Bose had become the most prominent youth leaders, and both demanded outright political independence of India. Nehru criticised the
Nehru Report prepared by his father in 1928, which called for
dominion status for India within the British Empire. The radicalism of Nehru and Bose would provoke intense debates during the 1928 Congress session in
Guwahati. Arguing that India would deliver an ultimatum to the British and prepare for mass struggle, Nehru and Bose won the hearts of many young Indians. To resolve the issue, Gandhi said that the British would be given two years to grant India dominion status. If they did not, the Congress would launch a national struggle for full, political independence. Nehru and Bose succeeded in reducing the statutory deadline to one year.
The failure of talks with the British caused the December 1929 session in
Lahore to be held in an atmosphere charged with nationalist, anti-British passions. Preparing for the declaration of independence, the AICC elected Jawaharlal Nehru as Congress President at the encouragement of Gandhi. Favoured by Gandhi for his charismatic appeal to India's masses, minorities, women and youth, the move nevertheless surprised many Congressmen and political observers. Many had demanded that Gandhi or the leader of the
Bardoli Satyagraha,
Vallabhbhai Patel assume the presidency, especially as the leader of the Congress would the inaugurater of India's struggle for complete freedom. Nehru was seen by many as too inexperienced for the job of leading India's largest political organisation, including himself:
"I have seldom felt quite so annoyed and humiliated... It was not that I was not sensible of the honour... But I did not come to it by the main entrance or even the side entrance: I appeared suddenly from a trap door and bewildered the audience into acceptance."
On
December 31,
1929 President Nehru hoisted the flag of independence before a massive public gathering along the banks of the
Ravi River. The Congress would promulgate the
Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) declaration on
January 26,
1930. With the launching of the
Salt Satyagraha in 1930, Nehru travelled across
Gujarat and other parts of the country participating and encouraging in the mass rebellion against the salt tax. Despite his father's death in 1931, Nehru and his family remained at the forefront of the struggle. Arrested with his wife and sisters, Nehru would be incarcerated for all but four months between 1931 and 1935.
Avadi and Quit India
Nehru and
Gandhi at the 1942 Congress in
Mumbai.
With Kamala Nehru's health increasingly fragile, Nehru was released by the British and he travelled with his family once again to Europe in 1935, where Kamala would remain bed-ridden. Torn between the freedom struggle and tending to his wife, Nehru would travel back and forth between India and Europe, and despite the care given by him, his daughter Indira and specialist doctors, Kamala Nehru died in 1938. Deeply saddened, Nehru nevertheless continued to maintain a hectic schedule. He would always wear a fresh
rose in his coat for the remainder of his life to remember Kamala, who had also become a national heroine.
Nehru had been re-elected Congress President in 1936, and had presided over its session in
Lucknow. Here he participated in a fierce debate with Gandhi, Patel and other Congress leaders over the adoption of socialism as the official goal of the party. Younger socialists such as
Jaya Prakash Narayan,
Mridula Sarabhai,
Narendra Dev and
Asoka Mehta began to see Nehru as leader of Congress socialists. Under their pressure, the Congress passed the Avadi Resolution proclaiming socialism as the model for India's future government. Nehru was re-elected the following year, and oversaw the Congress national campaign for the 1937 elections. Largely leaving political organisation work to others, Nehru travelled the length and breadth of the country, exhorting the masses on behalf of the Congress, which would win an outright majority in the central and most of the provincial legislatures. Although he did not contest elections himself, Nehru was seen by the national media as the leader of the Congress.
Jawaharlal Nehru sitting next to
Mahatma Gandhi at the AICC General Session, 1942
At the outbreak of
World War II, India was entered on the side of the British by the viceroy. Outraged at the viceroy's arbitrary decision, all elected Congressmen resigned from their offices at the instigation of Subhash Bose and Nehru. But even as Bose would call for an outright revolt and would procede to seek the aid of
Nazi Germany and
Japan, Nehru remained sympathetic to the British cause. He joined
Maulana Azad,
Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari and Patel in offering Congress support for the war effort in turn for a commitment from the British to grant independence after the war. In doing so, Nehru broke ranks with Gandhi, who had resisted in supporting war and remained suspicious of the British. The failure of negotiations and Britain's refusal to concede independence outraged Indian nationalists. Gandhi and Patel called for an all-out rebellion, a demand that was opposed by Rajagopalachari and resisted by Nehru and Azad. After intensive debates and heated discussions, the Congress leaders called for the British to
Quit India — to transfer power to Indian hands immediately or face a mass rebellion. Despite his skepticism, Nehru travelled the country to exhort India's masses into rebellion. He was arrested with the entire
Congress Working Committee on
August 9,
1942 and transported to a maximum security prison at a fort in
Ahmednagar. Here he would remain incarcerated with his colleagues till June 1945. His daughter Indira and her husband
Feroze Gandhi would also be imprisoned for a few months. Nehru's first grandchild,
Rajiv was born in 1944.
India's first prime minister
Maulana Azad and Nehru.
Nehru and his colleagues had been released as the
British Cabinet Mission arrived to propose plans for transfer of power. The Congress held a presidential election in the knowledge that its chosen leader would become India's head of government. 11
Congress state units nominated Vallabhbhai Patel, while only the Working Committee suggested Nehru. Sensing that Nehru would not accept second place to Patel, Gandhi supported Nehru and asked Patel to withdraw, which he immediately did. Nehru's election surprised many Congressmen and continues to be a source of controversy in modern times. Nehru headed an interim government, which was impaired by outbreaks of communal violence and political disorder, and the opposition of the
Muslim League led by
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who were demanding a separate Muslim state of
Pakistan. After failed bids to form coalitions, Nehru reluctantly supported the
partition of India as per a plan released by the British on
June 3,
1947. He would take office as the
Prime Minister of India on
August 15, and delivered his inaugural address titled "A Tryst With Destiny:"
"Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance. It is fitting that at this solemn moment we take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity."
[1] However, this period was marked with intense communal violence that swept across the
Punjab region,
Delhi,
Bengal and other parts of India. Nehru conducted joint tours [
citation needed] with Pakistani leaders to encourage peace and calm angry and disillusioned refugees. Nehru would work with Maulana Azad and other Muslim leaders to safeguard and encourage Muslims to remain in India. The violence of the time deeply affected Nehru, who called for a ceasefire [
citation needed] and
UN intervention to stop the
Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. Fearing communal reprisals, Nehru also hesitated in supporting the annexation of
Hyderabad State, and clashed with Patel on the
Kashmir dispute and relations with Pakistan. Nehru asserted his own control over Kashmir policy while Patel objected to Nehru sidelining his Home Ministry's officials.
[2] Nehru felt offended by Patel's decision-making regarding the states' integration without consulting either him or the Cabinet. Patel asked Gandhi to relieve him of his obligation to serve. He knew that he lacked Nehru's youth and popularity, and believed that an open political battle would hurt India. After much personal deliberation and contrary to Patel's prediction, Gandhi on
January 30,
1948 told Patel not to leave the Government, and to stay by Nehru's side in joint leadership. A free India, according to Gandhi, desperately needed both Patel and Nehru's joint leadership.
[3]Nehru and Gandhi.
Gandhi was assassinated on
January 30,
1948. At Gandhi's
wake, Nehru and Patel embraced each other and addressed the nation together. Criticism soon arose from the media and other politicians that Patel's home ministry had failed to protect Gandhi. Emotionally exhausted, Patel tendered a letter of resignation, offering to leave the Government — despite his word to Gandhi — desiring not to embarrass Nehru's administration. Nehru sent Patel a letter dismissing any question of personal differences and his desire for Patel's ouster. He reminded Patel of their thirty-year partnership in the freedom struggle, and that after Gandhi's death, it was especially wrong for them to quarrel. Moved, Patel personally and publicly endorsed Nehru's leadership and refuted any suggestion of discord. Despite working together, the two leaders would clash on various issues. Nehru declined Patel's counsel on sending assistance to
Tibet after its 1950 invasion by the
People's Republic of China and ejecting the Portuguese from
Goa by military force.
[4]When Nehru pressured Dr.
Rajendra Prasad to decline a nomination to become the first
President of India in 1950 in favour of Rajagopalachari, he thus angered the party, which felt Nehru was attempting to impose his will. Nehru sought Patel's help in winning the party over, but Patel declined, and Prasad was duly elected. When Nehru opposed the 1950 Congress presidential candidacy of
Purushottam Das Tandon, a conservative
Hindu leader, he endorsed
Jivatram Kripalani and threatened to resign if Tandon was elected. Patel rejected Nehru's views and endorsed Tandon in Gujarat, where Kripalani received not one vote despite hailing from that state himself.
[5] Patel believed Nehru had to understand that his will was not law with the Congress, but he personally discouraged Nehru from resigning after the latter felt that the party had no confidence in him.
[6]Leading India
In the years following independence, Nehru frequently turned to his daughter Indira to look after him and manage his personal affairs. Following Patel's death in 1950, Nehru became the most popular and powerful Indian politician. Under his leadership, the Congress won an overwhelming majority in the elections of 1952, in which his son-in-law Feroze Gandhi was also elected. Indira moved into Nehru's official residence to attend to him, inadvertantly estranging her husband, who would become a critic of Nehru's government. Nevertheless, Indira would virtually become Nehru's
chief of staff and constant companion in his travels across India and the world.
Economic policies
Nehru implemented his socialist vision by introducing a diluted version of state planning and control over the economy. Creating the
Planning commission of India, Nehru drew up the first
Five-Year Plan in 1951, which charted the government's investments in industries and agriculture. Increasing business and income taxes, Nehru envisaged a
mixed economy in which the government would manage strategic industries such as mining, electricity and heavy industries, serving public interest and a check to private enterprise. Nehru pursued
land redistribution and launched programmes to build irrigation canals, dams and spread the use of fertilizers to increase agricultural production. He also pioneered a series of community development programs aimed at spreading diverse
cottage industries and increasing efficiency into rural India. While encouraging the construction of large dams, irrigation works and the generation of
hydroelectricity, Nehru also launched India's programme to harness
nuclear energy.
For most of Nehru's term as prime minister, India could continue to face serious food shortages despite progress and increases in agricultural production. The nation would rely on food imports and economic development aid from the
World Bank,
IMF, the
United States and European nations. Nehru's industrial policies encouraged the growth of diverse manufacturing and heavy industries, yet state planning, controls and regulations impaired productivity, quality and profitability. Although the Indian economy enjoyed a steady rate of growth, chronic unemployment amidst entrenched poverty continued to plague the population. Nehru's popularity remained unaffected, and his government succeeded in extending water and electricity supply, health care, roads and infrastructure to a large degree for India's vast rural population.
A few of Nehru's ministers had to resign on allegation of corruption .His minister of Mines and Oil K D Malviya had to resign for accepting money from a private party in return for certain concessions.The sitting judge of the Supreme Court, S.K. Das reviewed all the evidence, including the account books of the businessman in which mention had been made of a payment to Malviya, and found two of the six charges against the Minister to be valid. Malviya resigned as a result.
[2]Another minister
T. T. Krishnamachari had to resign when one man Justice Chagla Commission found him guilty of corruption .
[3]Education and social reform
Nehru distributing sweets to children in
Guwahati.
Jawaharlal Nehru was a passionate advocate of education for India's children and youth, believing it essential for India's future progress. His government oversaw the establishment of many institutions of higher learning, including the
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, the
Indian Institutes of Technology and the
Indian Institutes of Management. Nehru also outlined a commitment in his five-year plans to guarantee free and compulsory
primary education to all of India's children. For this purpose, Nehru oversaw the creation of mass village enrollment programmes and the construction of thousands of schools. Nehru also launched initiatives such as the provision of free milk and meals to children in order to fight malnutrition. Adult education centres, vocational and technical schools were also organised for adults, especially in the rural areas.
Under Nehru, the
Indian Parliament enacted many changes to
Hindu law to criminalize caste discrimination and increase the legal rights and social freedoms of women. A system of
reservations in government services and educational institutions was created to eradicate the social inequalities and disadvantages faced by peoples of the
scheduled castes and
scheduled tribes. Nehru also championed secularism and religious harmony, increasing the representation of minorities in government.
National security and foreign policy
Jawaharlal Nehru talks to Pakistan prime minister
Muhammad Ali Bogra during his 1953 visit to
Karachi.
Although having promised in 1948 to hold a
plebiscite in Kashmir under the auspices of the U.N., Nehru grew increasingly wary of the U.N. and declined to hold a plebiscite in 1953. He ordered the arrest of the Kashmiri politician
Sheikh Abdullah, whom he had previously supported but now suspected of harbouring separatist ambitions. On the international scene, Nehru was a champion of
pacifism and a strong supporter of the
United Nations. He pioneered the policy of
non-alignment and co-founded the
Non-Aligned Movement of nations professing neutrality between the rival blocs of nations led by the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. Recognising the
People's Republic of China, Nehru sought to establish warm and friendly relations with it despite the annexation of
Tibet in 1950, and hoped to act as an intermediary to bridge the gulf and tensions between the communist states and the Western bloc.
While hailed by many for working to defuse global tensions and the threat of nuclear weapons, Nehru's neutrality was assailed by many politicians and governments when he refused to condemn the
Soviet invasion of Hungary in 1956 in the same vein he had criticised the joint invasion of the
Suez Canal by the British, French and
Israelis. Suspicion and distrust cooled relations between India and the U.S., which suspected Nehru of tactily supporting the Soviet Union. Nehru was also criticised for underallocation of funds and resources for India's military services, even as the U.S. provided extensive military aid to Pakistan. Accepting the arbitration of the U.K. and World Bank, Nehru signed the
Indus Water Treaty in 1960 with Pakistani ruler
Ayub Khan to resolve long-standing disputes about sharing the resources of the major rivers of the Punjab region.
Final years
Public viewing of Nehru's body, which lies in state.
Nehru had led the Congress to a major victory in the 1957 elections, but his government was facing rising problems and criticism. Disillusioned by intra-party corruption and bickering, Nehru contemplated resigning but continued to serve. However, Nehru's reputation suffered owing to corruption scandals of party MPs and ministers, as well as by public dissatisfaction with a stagnating economy and government inefficiency. The election of his daughter Indira as Congress President in 1959 aroused criticism for alleged
nepotism. Although the
Pancha Sila (Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence) was the basis of the 1954 Sino-Indian treaty over Tibet, in later years, Nehru's foreign policy suffered through increasing Chinese antagonism over border disputes and Nehru's decision to grant assylum to the
Dalai Lama. After years of failed negotiations, Nehru authorized the
Indian Army to annex
Goa from
Portugal in 1961. While increasing his popularity, Nehru received criticism for opting for military action.
In the 1962 elections, Nehru led the Congress to victory yet with a diminished majority. Opposition parties ranging from the right-wing
Bharatiya Jana Sangh and
Swatantra Party, socialists and the
Communist Party of India performed well. In a matter of months, a
Chinese invasion of northeastern India exposed the weaknesses of India's military as Chinese forces came as far as
Assam. Widely criticised for neglecting India's defence needs, Nehru was forced to sack the defence minister
Krishna Menon and accept U.S. military aid. Nehru's health began declining steadily, and he was forced to spend months recuperating in Kashmir through 1963. Upon his return from Kashmir in May 1964, Nehru suffered a stroke and later a heart attack. He died in the early hours of
May 27,
1964. Nehru was cremated as per Hindu rites at the
Shantivana on the banks of the
Yamuna River, witnessed by hundreds of thousands of mourners who had flocked into the streets of Delhi and the cremation grounds.
Chacha Nehru's Gift To The Children Of India
A hundred and seventeen years ago in Allahabad, on 14th November, 1889, a son was born to an eminent lawyer, Motilal Nehru and his wife Swaroop Rani. They named him Jawaharlal. He was an exceptional child, brilliant and compassionate and was greatly loved by all.
His father wanted to give him the best education and so sent him to England to do his M.A. from Cambridge. On his return to India, young Jawaharlal realised that he was not interested in making money through the legal profession. Instead, he was filled with patriotic fervour and wanted to help the poor and the downtrodden. He joined the Congress and Gandhiji in the Freedom Struggle of India and turned out to be an extremely outspoken, honest, practical and illustrious politician. And when India gained its independence, this outstanding statesman was named the first Prime Minister of the country.
Nehru's contribution to Society
It can be said that Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru is the maker of Modern India as his life and works have influenced our way of thinking, social structures and all round development. He was a perfect blend of eastern values and western thinking and encouraged technological progress. But he was also a man of letters and a great poet and wrote some famous works like, 'Glimpses of World History' and 'Discovery of India'. His letters to his daughter, Indira, was also compiled into a book and reflects his philosophical outlook, his compassion and above all, his tender heart.
The birth of Chacha Nehru
His great love for roses as well as children is a well-known fact. In fact he often compared the two, saying that children were like the buds in a garden. They should be carefully and lovingly nurtured, as they were the future of the nation and the citizens of tomorrow. He felt that children are the real strength of a country and the very foundation of society. Most importantly he did not discriminate between the sexes and believed in giving equal opportunities to girls and boys. In fact his own little girl grew up to be the third Prime Minister of India.
Quite naturally, he was the 'beloved' of all the children who gave him the endearing name of 'Chacha Nehru'. As a tribute to this great man and his genuine love for children, his birthday is celebrated all over India as 'UNIVERSAL CHILDREN'S DAY'. A day of fun and fanfare. It is not only a national holiday, but is celebrated with singing, dancing and storytelling in schools and colleges as well as on radio and television. Special functions are held to honour children all over the country.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Children's Day is to celebrate "childhood". On Children’s Day tribute is payed to all children in the world. Children are loved by one and all. They win over our hearts with their angelic eyes and innocent smiles. It makes one realise that maybe that’s the way God wanted us to be.India's first prime minister, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, was born on November 14. After his death in 1963, his birthday has been celebrated as children's Day in India.Children's Day is not just a day to let the future generation have its say. It is a day to remember a leader who, in his quiet but determined way, laid the foundation to convert a nascent nation into a world power. But why Children's Day? Apart from being known for his skills as a statesman, Nehru was also immensely fond of children. The more popular and famous of Nehru's pictures show him with children. In all the photographs Nehru's joy at being with children is apparent. When he is not sharing pleasantries
with them, the expression of intense concentration as he listens to them reveals his commitment and attitude to children. Children to Nehru were little adults in the making.Nehru, to children, is never the Indian political leader and prime minister. He is always Chacha Nehru - Nehru Uncle.Children's Day is celebrated all over India, especially at the school level. There are also community activities with stress on children's involvement. The story also goes that he started to wear a rose on his jacket after a child pinned one on it.The national children's centre, Jawahar Bal Bhavan, is also named after Jawaharlal Nehru. Children's Day is literally that. It is the day when children all over the country are pampered with goodies. From the schoolchild's point of view, the best thing perhaps is that it is a special day at school - they need not wear uniforms and are given sweets.Celebrations:Most schools have cultural programmes for the day, with the students managing it all. All over the country, various cultural, social, and even corporate, institutions conduct competitions for children. Children's Day is a day for children to engage in fun and frolic. Schools celebrate this day by organising cultural programmes.Teachers of the school perform songs and dances for their students. Various competitions like quizzes, fancy dress competitions, elocutions are organised on this day. Children are also treated to a movie and lunch.Television networks have in the recent years started to air special programmes all day long for kids on November 14, making this day a special treat.
